Puloram disease is a common ailment that affects domestic animals and birds in our country, and indeed, in almost all countries around the world. Although it is a common disease in farms, its consequences can be quite severe. This disease is primarily caused by bacteria, which can also infect humans. However, in South Asian countries, due to the lack of measures to prevent this disease, its prevalence is higher. But in South Asia, meat is usually cooked thoroughly, which prevents diseases caused by these bacteria from entering the human body. In contrast, in European countries, where meat is consumed somewhat raw, these bacteria can enter the human body. Therefore, meat exports from South Asian countries are much lower compared to other countries, though India is somewhat ahead in this regard.

Puloram disease

Disease Introduction

Pullorum Disease is also known as Bacillary White Diarrhea (BWD) or white diarrhea. This disease is caused by Gram-negative bacteria, known as Salmonella Pullorum. It is an infectious disease. The rate of transmission is so high that if one chick is infected today, then by tomorrow, another 200 chicks might be infected. Typically, the symptoms of this disease appear in chicks between two to three weeks of age. The chicks that survive beyond three weeks act as carriers of the disease because resistance develops in their bodies after three weeks. Primarily, chick chickens are affected by this disease, and adult chickens carry it.

Transmission Method

Pullorum Disease can be transmitted in two ways:

Horizontal way of transmission:

In this method, the infection can spread through bags of feed coming to the farm, vehicles carrying feed, farm workers, water supplied to the farm, clothing of visitors, and from wild animals around the farm. Additionally, when a healthy chicken chick pecks at an infected chick, the pathogen can also enter the healthy chick's body from there.

Vertical way of transmission:

In this method, when an infected adult chicken lays an egg, the bacteria enter the egg, and the chick that hatches from that egg is also infected by the bacteria. These infected chicks often die just a few hours after birth, and those that survive start to develop infections within two to three weeks of birth.